Fine Art Authentication Investigations

 
Enquêteurs d'authentification

Investigadores de autentificación

تحقيقات الفنون الجميلة المشروعة

Ermittler der Kunstauthentifizierung

Conducting Specialist Investigations into Confirming the Authenticity or Attributions of Works of Art believed to be by:

INDAGARE AUTENTICITÀ E ATTRIBUZIONI DELL'ART -  ENQUÊTE SUR L'AUTHENTICITÉ ET LES ATTRIBUTIONS DE L'ART
Johannes Christiaan Karel Klinkenberg

Karel Klinkenberg  - Klinkenberg, Karel

(Dutch, 1852-1924)

 Johannes Christiaan Karel Klinkenberg (Dutch, 1852-1924), was a painter of both watercolours and oils, and an artist who decided to specialise in architectural subjects at an early age.

 At fourteen he began his training at the Academy of Fine Arts in The Hague, and with the influential history and genre painter Christoffel Bisschop, who had many apprentice students including Bernard Blommers, Klinkenberg and Richard Bisschop his nephew. As a successful artist in his own right, he produced works full of contrasting light and was to have a great influence on Klinkenberg's own developing style.

For a time he also took lessons from the marine painter Louis Meijer, known for his Romantic shipwreck scenes.
  In his early career Klinkenberg produced mainly landscape and history works, choosing city and townscapes as his favoured subject area in his late twenties. The reflections off the canals of Amsterdam, the Hague and Rotterdam particularly interested him, often choosing the most picturesque spots to paint in a more than perfect, romanticised and rather idealised way, though they are topographically very accurate.

Leaning more towards his French contemporaries, his work often displays bright impasto and is impressionistic rather than critically perfect..

 As can be seen from the examples set out below, Karel Klinkenberg 's paintings fetch increasingly high prices at auction today with many far out stripping their auction estimates and even I was nearly caught out near 45 years ago with my first fake Klinkenberg painting at a provincial auction in Cornwall.

  So there is an increasing need to be cautious when works do come up for sale claiming to be by him and have them scrutinised closely. Particularly with a view to confirming both the legitimacy of any painting possibly by Karel Klinkenberg and equally, understanding fully, exactly what any auction or sale descriptors mean or infer. Identifying any historically incorrect attributions that may have been previously given to an artist is also vitally important.

 Unfortunately there are some artist attributions and descriptions that are deliberately falsified, based purely on the subject matter they depict, entirely intending to deceive potential buyers. Others deliver honest mistakes. So any formal 'attribution' in itself should also be examined very carefully indeed, if only to verify that the quality, level of academicism and the accuracy of that assignment to that artist is well established and rightfully ascribed. The words 'Bears signature' is a common concern for us all and subjectively they need to be a perfect match.

 Confirming that it is specifically accurate, correctly researched and a credible academic attribution is essential and it should always be kept in mind, that any attribution, no matter at what level of credibility or status it comes from, is still only an opinion and one that the work 'might' be or "could" be by that artist.  It in no way means it is BY that artist

It's a matter of your personal interpretation, discretion and judgement as to how you view and indeed, respect the attribution.

Faking art:

 An increasingly popular mode of deception once an artist has become popular such as Johannes Klinkenberg and his contemporaries have, is for a less then honest dealer to take a similarly subjective, yet much less important painting, in Karel Klinkenberg 's case, a typical canal scene running through a Dutch cityscape and either remove its existing authors name, or if it is a previously anonymous unsigned work, add a name to it such as Karel Klinkenberg to increase its value. This is easily the most common form of fake and art fraud we encounter and investigate.

 To help understand the generally observed and well accepted semantics that are used in auction descriptions, they are set out further down this page. They define exactly what the 'expert's view of the work being offered is and they can also have a distinct bearing on the financial outcome. So be cautious that you don't miss the often well 'disguised' attribution. One that is carefully placed or even hidden somewhere in that descriptor which starts off by stating that it actually is BY the artist, when it actually is not and turns out to be an attribution or by a follower.!

***

 We are able to assist and advise you in all fine art related matters, particularly issues relating to the investigation of the legitimacy and attributions of Scottish art, including the works of Karel Klinkenberg and any other works of art that you need assistance or advice with.

Some examples associated with the Klinkenberg name appear below simply as comparative illustrations.

*No inference is made, nor is it intended as to the question of their legitimacy here on this page. Moreover they are an across the board, representational view of the differing types of works of art that have, are, or may in the future be offered and advertised for sale at auction internationally in the public domain and that you may need specialist advise on.

   The direction and subsequently the duration of any authenticity investigation or inquiry into verifying an attribution of a work of art to a given artist, will inevitably vary from project to project. But there are clear and very well defined expert professional formalities, responsibilities and areas of scrutiny that we can formally assist you with. Including:

• Authentication: Authentification, Authenticity:  Conducting comprehensive investigations and in depth research into a work of art with a view to establishing a correct, complete and formally recognized certification of legitimacy. One which a work of art most likely originated. Including the re-examination and investigation of a previous attribution which may be incorrect, or the scrutiny of an attribution that has been formally questioned or is currently formally doubted.
  

•  Confirmation:  Undertaking research and investigations into the legitimacy of the provenance, history and prior ownership of a work of art and establishing its accuracy and own legitimacy.
  
  

•  Scrutiny: Examen minutieux:  Identifying fake or faux works of art and forgeries, including any false supportive accompanying documentation and determining works of art which may be studio or later copies, or previously given, incorrect attributions.
  
  

•  Prosecution: Poursuite:  Investigating alleged art fraud and forgery and assisting and advising those who are currently, or may be considering litigating or prosecuting the fact. This includes colleagues who are legal professionals and individual private clients.
  
  

•  Attention: Conducting all fine art related due diligence and duty of care inquiries. Including safe prepurchase or sale related audits and assisting clients in consolidating well balanced future family distribution.

•  Appraisal: Évaluation -  Valuations and condition reports.

Step one in the Karel Klinkenberg & Dutch Art Authentication and Attribution process.

The Pre-Authentication Assessment

 We strongly advise all clients before they embark on a full investigation into the legitimacy of art, or an artist or studio attribution inquiry, that it is very wise to engage us to undertake an impartial preliminary assessment of viability conducted first. One that is made to balance any issues that may be present that could make the longer term exercise unviable.

 This is a professional advisory service we provide and based upon the images you supply, the full details of work of arts acquisition, its history and provenance as is known to you, along with sight of any documentation, previous research or analysis that you may formerly have had conducted on it. You should then have a far better understanding of both the prospects that lie ahead, or any pitfalls we might face, before making a decision.

This is a logical and cost effective professional review and advisory for which there is a modest set fee.

Our FAQ section covers this in more detail.

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* ABOUT A WORK OF ARTS DESCRIPTOR AND ITS TERMINOLOGY *

As if in this case as if they were defining the possible works of the artist;  

Karel Klinkenberg

  *It is very important to clearly understand the general auction terms that are widely used in a published descriptor and to be cautious of works that may just be created in the 'manner of' the artist, or those which could be variants of the artists works of art that 'bear an applied signature' or monogram.

•  Where the name, Johannes Christiaan Karel Klinkenberg (Dutch, 1852-1924) is given with the first name/s and surname of the artist, usually cited as, Johannes Christiaan Karel Klinkenberg - including the dates to be specific, then in their qualified and professional opinion, they are in no doubt, it is a genuine and authentic item. One painted by that specific artist. This is usually fully qualified by its inclusion in any catalogue raissone, or by the guarantee of the opinion given by appropriate and internationally recognized expert authority on that artist.

•  When Attributed to Johannes Christiaan Karel Klinkenberg, or simplified to Karel Klinkenberg is the term used, or it is similarly defined as Attrib. to ' [abbreviated,] or Attribue, imputer à, imputée, or atribudo, or ascribed to, then in their opinion it is 'probably' a work by the artist, at least in part. But... there is no guarantee. It is only an opinion that it only 'possibly' may be by the artist.

•  But if the term Karel Klinkenberg , or Karel Klinkenberg, circle of, entourage, or "Circle of " Karel Klinkenberg is specifically used, then in their opinion, it is a work only of the period of the artist, but showing their influence. Or by someone closely associated with the artist, BUT not necessarily by their pupil, assistant or student.

•  When the term is given thus; Painted in the "Style of or "Follower of Karel Klinkenberg is used, this means that in their opinion it is a work of art executed only in the artist's way, in their 'style', but not necessarily by a pupil. Yet it may be a contemporary, or nearly a contemporary of the artist.

•  If the phrase in the "Manner of Karel Klinkenberg is used or is defined.." then in their opinion it is also only a work painted in the style of the artist, but of a later date and definitely not by the artist that is named.

•  When the term "After Karel Klinkenberg " is the term used, then in their opinion it is a copy (made at any date) of an authentic and original work by the artist. This also applies to prints made 'after' an original work of art either by the artist or another artist/ printmaker.

•  Signed - Karel Klinkenberg ; "Dated.." or "Inscribed Karel Klinkenberg " then in their opinion the work has been signed/dated/or inscribed by that specific artist. The addition of a question mark ? however, indicates a strong element of doubt.

•  When the term 'Bears signature', is used, or the name, Karel Klinkenberg is specified followed by the words; "With signature ..", or "With date .." or "With ......inscription.." or "Bears signature of Karel Klinkenberg / date / or inscription" Then in 'their opinion,' either the signature / date / or inscription is spurious, apocryphal, of doubtful authenticity, forged and has been added by someone else other than the artist.
  

We can assist and advise you in all fine art related matters.

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